Winter months are not only a time for colds and flu, but also carry a higher risk of more serious respiratory infections. In cold weather, our immune system may be less effective, while pathogens can spread more easily. By taking preventive measures, we can help keep our lungs and the entire respiratory system healthy and resilient.
During winter, we spend more time in enclosed, heated spaces, where the air is often dry and poorly ventilated. This can dry out the mucous membranes in the respiratory tract, making it easier for pathogens to attach. Cold air can further reduce the natural defense mechanisms of the mucosa. Additionally, viruses remain viable longer in cool, dry environments, allowing them to spread more quickly in enclosed spaces such as offices, public transport, or shopping centers.
Regular physical activity, especially walking outdoors, helps ventilate the lungs and improves oxygen supply. Breathing exercises support the maintenance of lung capacity and can reduce respiratory resistance. Salt air therapy – for example, in a salt room or in an environment simulating a sea climate – can help clear the airways, relieve irritation, and promote mucus drainage. Additionally, staying well hydrated is important, as properly hydrated mucous membranes more effectively protect the body against infections.
At times, managing symptoms at home may not be enough. If a cough persists for more than two weeks or worsens, it is advisable to consult a doctor. Recurring or prolonged fever, chest pain, and difficulty breathing are also warning signs. These symptoms may indicate a more serious respiratory infection or complications, and should not be ignored.
According to HR-Pharma experts, the key to prevention is awareness: a healthy lifestyle, spending time outdoors, regular exercise, and early recognition of symptoms together help ensure a healthier winter season.
Frequently Asked Questions
Why do the mucous membranes in the respiratory tract dry out more in winter?
Heated indoor air is often low in humidity, which dries out the mucous membranes. Dry mucous membranes are less effective at performing their protective functions, making infections more likely to develop.
Can breathing exercises really help with prevention?
Yes. Conscious breathing improves lung function, strengthens the respiratory muscles, and enhances oxygen supply, which supports the immune system.
How do you know if home care is enough or if you need to see a doctor?
For mild colds or short-term coughs, rest and proper hydration are usually sufficient. However, if symptoms worsen, persist, or are accompanied by fever or chest pain, it is important to consult a doctor.